Which of the following processes involves information retrieval in cognitive psychology?

The process of information retrieval in cognitive psychology specifically refers to the ability to access and bring to mind information that has been previously stored in memory. In this context, output is correctly identified as the process that encompasses the act of recalling or accessing this stored information when needed, such as during assessments or recall tasks.

To elaborate, encoding is the initial process of transforming information into a form that can be stored, while storage pertains to maintaining that encoded information over time in memory. Attention involves the focus needed to process information in the first place, allowing for effective encoding. However, output is fundamentally concerned with accessing and utilizing the information already stored, highlighting the importance of retrieval in the cognitive processes that underlie memory function.