What does the term "scored as present or absent" imply in momentary time sampling?

The term "scored as present or absent" in momentary time sampling indicates that behavior is evaluated at a specific moment when the time interval begins. In this method, observers check whether a behavior is occurring right at the moment the interval starts. If the behavior is occurring at that instant, it is recorded as "present"; if it is not happening at that moment, it is recorded as "absent." This approach allows for a snapshot of behavior at predetermined moments, contributing to data collection on the frequency or occurrence of certain behaviors within a set timeframe.

The concept of momentary time sampling helps in minimizing observer bias and focuses on specific time points rather than the entirety of the observation period. This makes it efficient for capturing behaviors that may occur sporadically within a longer observation session.