In Maslow's hierarchy, what does the need for esteem include?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the need for esteem encompasses elements that contribute to an individual's sense of self-worth and the respect they receive from others. This includes both self-confidence—a person's belief in their own abilities—and the recognition or esteem one gains from the social context, such as respect from peers, family, or society at large. Essentially, this level of need focuses on the appreciation and validation that an individual seeks from themselves and others, which is essential for psychological health and motivation.

Other options represent different categories within the hierarchy. For instance, friendship and family ties pertain more to social needs, which come after physiological and safety needs but before esteem needs. Morality and creativity are associated with self-actualization, the highest level in Maslow's hierarchy, where individuals fulfill their potential and express themselves fully. Security and safety relate to basic needs that must be met before an individual can focus on esteem or social relationships. Therefore, the connection between esteem and concepts like self-confidence and respect makes that option the most accurate representation of Maslow's framework regarding esteem needs.